【中药科普】让你清凉一夏的中药
点击量:次    更新时间:2021-06-18
    
        
            
                             
        
        
            
        
        
            
                薄荷             
        
    

       夏天到了,从古至今有许多的解暑良方,在这些方子中,有一味常用中药——薄荷。

    

           在日常的生活中,薄荷的身影也随处可见。薄荷味的牙膏、薄荷味的口香糖、薄荷味的花露水……这种清凉的味道能轻而易举地抚平因炎热的天气带来的烦闷,渗入脑海,让人神清气爽。

    

                 

    

             下面让我们一起来了解一下。
    

    

        
    

    
        
            
                
                    
                        
                                                     
                    
                
                
                    
                        
                            薄荷的绿色                         
                    
                
            
        
    
    

             

    

              薄荷是唇形科植物薄荷的干燥地上部分。夏、秋二季茎叶茂盛或花开至三轮时,选晴天,分次采割,晒干或阴干。
    

    

        
    

    

              薄荷是一味药食同源的中药材。凉拌薄荷、薄荷牛肉、薄荷鲫鱼、薄荷粥、薄荷豆腐......是我们餐桌上的常客。炎热的夏季,常用薄荷泡水喝,十分清爽解渴。     

    

        
    

    
        
            
                
                    
                        
                                                     
                    
                
                
                    
                        
                            青柠黄瓜薄荷水                         
                    
                
            
        
    
    

        
    

    
        
            
                                     
                        
                            
                                
                                    
                                
                                
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                                        《神农本草经》曰:“薄荷气味辛温无毒,主贼风伤寒,发汗恶气,心腹胀满、霍乱,宿食不消,下气,煮汁服,亦堪生食。”                                     

                                    

                                        
                                    

                                    

                                        《本草纲目》言:“薄荷,辛能发散,凉能清利,专于清风散热。故头痛、头风、眼目、咽喉、口齿诸病,小儿惊热瘰疬、疮疥为要药。”                                     

                                
                                
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                薄荷功效             
        
    
    
        
            
                
                    
                        
                                                     
                    
                
                
                    
                        
                            洗净的薄荷                         
                    
                
            
        
    
    

        
    

    
        
            
                
                    
                                             
                    
                        
                            薄荷功效                         
                    
                
            
            
                
                    疏散风热                 
薄荷具有疏散风热的功效。风热感冒的表现主要有发热、微恶风寒、无汗或有汗不畅、头痛、口渴咽痛、脉浮数等。常与荆芥、连翘、银花等配伍,如银翘散。                 

                    
                

                

                    清利头目、利咽                 

                

                    薄荷轻扬升浮,善疏散上焦风热,且能清头目、利咽喉。可用于治疗风热上攻所致的头痛、目赤诸症。常与菊花、荆芥、桑叶等同用。                 

                

                    
                

                

                    此外,大家若是因为天气太热而无精打彩、昏昏欲睡,可以抹一点清凉油在太阳穴,其中的薄荷油以及薄荷脑不一会就会让你有精神满满的感觉。
                

            
        
    
    
        
            
                
                    
                        
                                                     
                    
                
                
                    
                        

                            薄荷脑                         

                    
                
            
        
    
    
        
            

                透疹             

            

                薄荷针对风热束表导致的麻疹不透,可以透疹外出,虽然现在麻疹已经比较少见了,但薄荷同时也可以祛风止痒,因此可以用于皮肤风疹瘙痒。常与蝉蜕、荆芥、牛蒡子、连翘等同用,如加减葛根汤。             

            

                
            

            

                《药性赋》上说:“薄荷叶宜清风消肿之施。”尤其是对于身上痒,一抓抓痕就出来的情况,直接用一味薄荷叶捣烂后擦患处即可止痒,甚至无需煎煮。             

            
                

                    
                

                

                    疏肝行气                 

                

                    肝气郁滞,临床常见如胸胁胀痛、情志郁闷,善叹息,或见咽部异物感,妇人还会有月经不调、痛经等症状。薄荷入肝经,能疏肝解郁。常与白芍、柴胡等同用,如名方逍遥散。                 

                
                    
                        
                                                     
                    
                    
                        
                    
                    
                        
                            薄荷的使用注意                         
                    
                
                
                    
                        
                            
                                
                                    
                                                                             
                                
                            
                            
                                
                                    
                                        薄荷叶                                     
                                
                            
                        
                    
                
                

                    
                

                
                    
                        
                            
                                
                                                                     
                                
                                    
                                        薄荷使用注意                                     
                                
                            
                        
                        

                            《本经逢原》中说“多服久服,令人虚冷,阴虚发热,咳嗽自汗者勿施。”因此,新病初愈,表虚汗多者禁服。                         

                        
                            

                                1、入煎剂时不宜久煎,要后下                              

                            

                                2、备孕的女性尽量不用含薄荷油或薄荷脑的制品,如风油精、清凉油等,因为薄荷有一定抗早孕作用。                             

                            

                                3、怀孕期间的女性不能多用,哺乳期的女性不能用,因为薄荷会抑制乳汁。                             

                            

                                4、蚕豆病患儿服食薄荷会引发溶血。故蚕豆病患儿禁用。                             

                        
                    
                
            
        
    
    
        
            
                
                    
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